REN and gout: As shown in Supplementary figure 1, the top 5 therapeutic categories (ATC, grouped up to the 2nd level) used by participants included drugs acting on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (39.0%), lipid-modifying substances (34.8%), antithrombotics (30.5%), drugs for acid-related disorders (24.8%) and beta-blockers (22.1%), with women taking fewer antithrombotics, urological agents, drugs for diabetes, cardiac therapy, anti-gout drugs and more psycholeptics, thyroid therapy, and osteoporosis drugs than men.