These include a reduction of dopamine levels in the striatum(Schmidt et al., 1982; Panagiotakopoulou et al., 2020), motor deficits(Schmidt et al., 1982; Derenne et al., 2007; Panagiotakopoulou et al., 2020), neuroinflammation(Peng et al., 2006), reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)(Botsakis et al., 2017; Panagiotakopoulou et al., 2020), and cognitive impairment in the more advanced stages of degeneration(Derenne et al., 2007). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is Cognitive impairment.