It appears that TLRs, RLRs, NLRs, and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) - stimulator of IFN genes (STING) pathway (cGAS-STING pathway) - a mechanism induced when some nucleic acids are present in the cell cytoplasm, are activated, triggering the production of proinflammatory cytokines and IFNs in the early stages of infection [58,59]. Here, STING1 is linked to infection.