We first confirmed MIF secretion by primary human AML blasts from two different patients, from HL-60 and U937 AML cell lines and from HD MΦ stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, M-MΦ) or treated with GM-CSF and 4-IPP (RM►GM/IPP-MΦ) by measuring MIF in the culture supernatant with semi-quantitative cytokine arrays (Fig. S1A). Here, CSF2 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.