PDCD1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Despite this, a recent study revealed that an A. muciniphila-dominated gut microbiota may be an indicator of subpar responses to anti-PD-1 blockade since NSCLC patients with a lower relative abundance of fecal A. muciniphila (between 0.035% and 4.799%) exhibited longer OS compared with those with a high relative abundance of A. muciniphila.126 Similarly, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR results from patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer showed that A. muciniphila levels were lower in anti-PD-1 responders (Figure 2; Table 1).132