HMOX1 and Alzheimer disease: According to the CTN graph, it is evident that the expression of key targets is associated with several anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in AS, including quercetin, (+)-eudesmin, 12-nitrooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid, coniferaldehyde glucoside, caffeic acid, and isofraxidin, which has been shown to decrease Aβ production by inhibiting BACE1 and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), regulate the NF-κB pathway to reduce COX-2 levels, and mediate the inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses via the Nrf2/HO1 pathway, thereby intervening in AD (36–38).