MSC-EVs in myocardial infarction reperfusion therapy can increase ATP levels, reduce oxidative stress, and activate the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway to enhance myocardial vitality and prevent adverse remodeling after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (137). The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is myocardial ischemia.