ALB and liver dysplastic nodule: Our results showed that the level of urinary albumin was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of PDR, which is in line with previous reports.18 The specific mechanism is speculated to be that the occurrence of PDR has the same pathological basis as DN, for example, abnormal proteins produce a large number of free radicals, which leads to the apoptosis of retinal capillary endothelial cells.