PPIA and neoplasm: Although its biological roles in tumor cells remain elusive, cyclophilin A may enhance cell survival under stressful conditions, such as those associated with the proliferation of signaling proteins, antiapoptotic proteins, transcription factors, or cell migration regulatory proteins, including CYCS (cytochrome c, somatic) [60], ITK (interleukin-2 inducible T-cell kinase) [61], ASK1 (apoptosis signaling-regulating kinase 1) [40], and CRKII (CT-10 (a kind of avian virus) regulator of kinase) [39].