Our transcriptome analysis results showed that the molecular mechanism by which OP alleviates long-course diabetes nephropathy was related to the upregulation of the cGMP–PKG signaling pathway, and that the molecular mechanism by which OP mitigates long-course diabetes cardiomyopathy was associated with the downregulation of the p53 and cellular senescence signaling pathways. This evidence concerns the gene PRKG1 and diabetes mellitus.