CFTR and cystic fibrosis: In 1989, a breakthrough discovery of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) as a CF causative gene by Drs. Lap-Chee Tsui, John Riordan, Francis Collins, and their collaborators commenced tremendous efforts directed at understanding the CFTR protein and how it causes CF disease and the development of therapeutics [1,2,3].