Among this evidence, two studies specifically point to the preventive effect of DPP-4 inhibitors against the development of AKI in diabetic patients: first, the administration of DPP-4 inhibitors to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been linked to reduced chances of AKI within 120 days, in comparison to both diabetic and non-diabetic control groups [49]; secondly, in diabetic cancer patients undergoing cisplatin treatment, the incidence of AKI was significantly lower (25% vs. 64%) in those treated with DPP-4 inhibitors [55]. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is diabetes mellitus.