TGFB1 and Autoimmunity: Vitamin D affects the differentiation of naïve T cells towards the Th17 phenotype, leading to a decrease in the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 (linked to organ-specific autoimmunity, inflammation, and tissue damage), and facilitates the induction of T regulatory cells (Tregs) with increased production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β.