ABCG2 and neoplasm: Research in both human samples and animal models also revealed that ABCG2 interacts with other molecular pathways involved in drug resistance and tumor progression, such as the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway, a crucial signaling pathway implicated in cell growth, survival, and drug resistance in glioma [23].