TNF and diabetic kidney disease: Hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and obesity upregulate the expression of MR, which elevates inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1) and profibrotic factors (extracellular matrix proteins, PAI-1, TGF-β, CTGF), eventually resulting in the progression of DKD [145,146].