After PS matching, the SGLT2is group was associated with lower HRs of the composite endpoint, death, and frailty-related events in patients with malnutrition (4007 in SGLT2is and non-SGLT2 groups, respectively) and patients with frailty, sarcopenia or cachexia (1255 in SGLT2is and non-SGLT2 groups, respectively). Here, SLC5A2 is linked to malnutrition.