TGFB1 and cancer: Both CD44 and CD105 have been identified as potential biomarkers for cancer prognosis, since CD44 is associated with cancer stem cells and acts as a receptor for hyaluronic acid, facilitating cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, while CD105 is a cell surface receptor for transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) involved in angiogenesis [122,123].