Considering the close interaction between estradiol and IGF-I, a growth/angiogenic factor whose action is mediated by the IGF-I receptor (IGF-1R), in the regulation of mammary epithelium and breast cancer cell growth, connections between the antitumor effects of LBPs and IGF-I-mediated signal transduction pathways have been observed [138]. Here, IGF1R is linked to breast cancer.