Last but not least, the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), decreased tumor cell proliferation by downregulation of proliferation-associated protein expression (proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and proliferation-related kinase (PRK), induced apoptosis by increasing caspase activity and DNA fragmentation, and decreased signal transduction through the Akt/NF-κB cell survival pathway [144]. The gene discussed is PCNA; the disease is neoplasm.