What is more, in most of other malignancies, such as cervical cancer, urothelial carcinoma, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, oesophageal carcinoma, gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma, approval for monotherapy or combined therapy is based on scoring PD-L1 expression on tumour and immune cells together by combined proportion score (CPS) [29]. Here, CD274 is linked to neoplasm.