Hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA), a type of gut microbiota-modified bile acid, effectively ameliorated NAFLD by inhibiting the FXR and increasing the level of hepatic CYP7B1, and it also improved the intestinal probiotics and promoted lipid catabolism via PPARα signaling [39]. Here, NR1H4 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.