For example, by downregulating phospho-ERK in pancreatic cancer cells, resveratrol inhibits the MAPK signaling pathway and nicotine’s potential to stimulate cell growth; meanwhile, kaempferol is able to inhibit the activity of MMP-9, by deactivating the MAPK/AP-1 pathway in breast cancer cells [72]. This evidence concerns the gene EPHB2 and breast carcinoma.