RAC1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: These observations corroborate our previous study, in which the exposure of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to PCAIs resulted in suppressed migration and invasion in both 2D and 3D cultures, changes in morphological features that led to cell rounding, disrupted F-actin organization and reduced filopodia density, and depleted levels of the RHO family of proteins, RAC1, CDC42, and RHOA [47].