Importantly, if anti-cancer trumps immune activating/modulatory effects, then one would expect that anti-PD1/L1 combined with TKI [56,57,58,60,148,149,150] will be superior to anti-PD1/L1 combined with anti-CTLA4 [59,151] for the treatment of intermediate-risk RCCcc (if not for poor-risk RCCcc and sRCC) [62,152] (Table 2). The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is cancer.