Specifically, in the general population subgroup, the RR was even higher (RR 3.83, 95% CI 1.88–7.79), with greater heterogeneity (I2 = 95%) than that in the ILA group in the lung cancer risk population (RR 2.04, 95% CI 1.44–2.89; I2 = 80%) (Fig. 2a). This evidence concerns the gene TNFRSF9 and lung carcinoma.