INS and diabetes mellitus: There were an estimated 537 million people living with diabetes (PLD) worldwide in 2021, 90% of whom live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).1 Health expenditures directly related to diabetes have tripled in the past 15 years.1 Major challenges remain in accessing insulin and newer treatments for type 2 diabetes (T2D).2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9