The TWAS indicated that five cross-trait genes, including CC2D2B (10q24.1), RP11-326C3.7 (11p15.5), USP3 (15q22.31), HERC1 (15q22.31), and AMFR (16q13), may be implicated in the interaction of circulating immune cells with periodontitis (Figure 5A, B). The gene discussed is USP3; the disease is periodontitis.