In addition, polydatin-induced up-regulation of Parkin and Nrf2 has been shown to protect human endplate chondrocytes against H2O2-induced mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, ROS production and apoptosis in vitro and to ameliorate cartilaginous endplate and IVD degeneration in a puncture-induced IDD rat model in vivo [212]. This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and intervertebral disk degenerative disorder.