VCAM1 and infection: It has also been shown that human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs) are permissive to RSV infection because they present an increase in the expression of ICAM-1 (CD54) and VCAM-1 (CD106) due to the infection itself, suggesting that these adhesion molecules contribute to the accumulation of polymorphonuclear cells in the vasculature, aggravating placental damage due to inflammation [158].