CX3CL1 and neoplasm: As shown in Figure 3A, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 therapy upregulates CX3CL1 expression, which attracts CX3CR1+Ly6Clo monocytes (middle, early stage), followed by neutrophils via CXCL5 (right, late stage), resulting in an immunosuppressive microenvironment and a reduction in cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the tumor.