These pathways included axon guidance, the MAPK signaling pathway, pathways in cancer, including breast and pancreatic cancer and proteoglycans, the Ras signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, the signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells, endocytosis, the Wnt signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the ephingolipid signaling pathway, and the phosphatidylinositol signaling system. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is familial pancreatic carcinoma.