It has previously been reported that CD38-mediated immunosuppression is a mechanism of tumor cell escape from PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and co-inhibition of CD38 and PD-L1 improved antitumor immune response in preclinical models of NSCLC (2). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.