EGFR and cholangiocarcinoma: EGFR is a receptor tyrosine kinase that participates in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, survival and metastasis (Papanastasiou et al., 2017), Studies have shown that many tumorigenesis, such as lung cancer, lung adenocarcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma, are closely related to overexpression or mutation of EGFR (Sigismund et al., 2018; Thamrongwaranggoon et al., 2022).