Taken together, these results indicate that TRAIL-R/SHP-1 transduces co-inhibitory signaling to inhibit phosphorylation of proximal TCR tyrosine kinases via inactivation of Lck, which leads to the dissociation of the co-receptor-Lck complex in the lipid raft and in turn limits the subsequent signaling downstream of the TCR to inhibit T cell activation and avoid autoimmunity (Fig. 6f). The gene discussed is LCK; the disease is Autoimmunity.