Over the past two decades, miRs have been identified as key regulators of the pathophysiological processes involved in atherosclerosis such as signaling (NF-κB, MAPK, SOCS, SDF-1/CXCR4, TGF-β, BMP, TLR) and lipid homeostasis pathways44. Here, CXCL12 is linked to atherosclerosis.