NFKB1 and periodontal disorder: These results are also in agreement with a systematic review that demonstrated benefits in the use of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of periodontal disease, especially due to reductions in plaque index and bleeding on probing52, and these effects may be associated with reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines as demonstrated in an in vitro study in fibroblast cultures stimulated by P.gingivalis in which hyaluronic acid suppressed the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways53.