Higher levels of cTnI were associated with higher percentages of participants reporting a past history of coronary heart disease (p < 0.001), myocardial infarction (p < 0.001), stroke (p = 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), arterial hypertension (p < 0.001) and history of long-term smoking (i.e. more than 40 years) (p =  < 0.001). The gene discussed is TNNI3; the disease is myocardial infarction.