IFNA1 and lung carcinoma: Given that DHX9 has been shown to have an important role in many cellular processes, ranging from processing of mRNAs to resolution of R-Loops, we suspect the reduced viability associated with loss of DHX9 helicase activity is related to one or more of these additional DHX9 roles (67, 68) During revisions of this article, a report was published showing that depletion of DHX9 in lung cancer cell lines caused activation of IFN signaling, accumulation of R-loops and DNA damage (85).