The HMGB1/RAGE axis promotes tumor cell proliferation in various malignant tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, glioma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and gastric cancer. This evidence concerns the gene HMGB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.