Additionally, TBC1D1 displayed a positive correlation with immunosuppressive macrophage markers such as CD163 and ARG1 (Figures 6I, J), suggesting that TBC1D1-positive macrophages could function as an immunosuppressive cell population, facilitating the establishment of an immunosuppressive TME and promoting tumor immune escape, ultimately accelerating tumorigenesis and progression. The gene discussed is CD163; the disease is neoplasm.