The box plot in Fig. 6a shows that HNRNPA0, EFTUD2, PRPF19, SRSF2, SRSF7, SF3B1, SNRPE, SNRNP40, SNRPB2, SRSF1, HNRNPC, HNRNPA3, SRSF3, CPSF2, HNRNPR, HNRNPK, and PPIL1 had significant differences in the three immune characteristic T2D subtypes. Here, PPIL1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.