AKT1 and cardiac hypertrophy: The protein kinase pathway (PI3K/Akt signalling pathway, cGMP/PKG signalling pathway, etc.), calcium-mediated signalling pathway (CaMKII signalling pathway, CaN-NFAT signalling pathway, etc.)and Wnt signalling pathway are the main signalling pathways currently involved in pathological myocardial hypertrophy (Refs 29, 30).