Moreover, a STING agonist and granulocyte‐macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF)‐secreting cancer vaccine (GM‐VAX) were combined to form STING‐VAX, which exhibited an antitumor effect in various cancer models, including melanoma, colon cancer, gastrointestinal squamous cell carcinoma, and pancreatic cancer. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and cancer.