BDNF and autism spectrum disorder: The dysregulation of BDNF was linked with numerous NDDs such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, ICD-11 6A02) (Liu et al., 2021), dyslexia (ICD-11 6A03) (Abdelraouf et al., 2023) and intellectual disability (ICD-11 6A00) (Esnafoglu and Adıgüzel, 2021), but not with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD, ICD-11 6A05) (Mei et al., 2022; de Lucca et al., 2023).