IFI16 and neoplasm: In HNSCC, the expression of IFI16 in tumor cells can promote apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis, and enhance anti-tumor activity in vivo through the release of chemokines that increase macrophage recruitment.528 In TNBC, IFI16 has been observed to recruit damaged DNA in tumor cells, facilitating its translocation to the cytoplasm and thereby activating the STING pathway to promote an anti-tumor response.529 IFI16’s role in inducing inflammasome formation also contributes to tumor suppression.