CCL2 and colorectal cancer: In a specific subtype of high-grade glioma-associated microglia, tumor progression is promoted via the APOE/NLRP1/IL-1β axis.473 The activation of NOD1 in macrophages initiates the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6) and chemokines (such as CCL1 and CCL2), promoting the hepatic metastasis of colorectal cancer.472 The expression of NLRP3 in the TME disrupts the function of CD8+ T cells by activating IL-18.474