SLC5A2 and chronic kidney disease: SGLT2 inhibitors reduce GFR, lower proteinuria, and increase urinary adenosine excretion (a marker of TGF activation) in rodents on a normal salt diet, but not on a high salt diet.27,29 Interestingly, empagliflozin does not affect urinary adenosine excretion but still significantly lowers kidney fibrosis in experiments involving high salt diet rat models of CKD.28 These observations suggest that a high salt diet blunts TGF activation, and benefits of SGLT2 inhibition in a setting of high salt diet likely involve other mechanisms.