To confirm our hypothesis that endothelial TRPV4 expression in peri-lesional MS tissue is induced by microglia-derived TNFα rather than by PVM-derived TNFα, we visualized TNFα levels together with HLA-DR, CD206 (PVM marker) and collagen IV (Coll IV), a component of the basement membrane, in MS tissues (Fig. 2k). Here, TNF is linked to myeloid sarcoma.