CTLA4 and melanoma: Ironically, the clearest indication that ClinicalTrials.gov does not record sex comparisons is trial NCT01274338 in which the associated paper entitled “Enhanced immune activation within the tumor microenvironment and circulation of female high-risk melanoma patients and improved survival with adjuvant CTLA4 blockade compared to males”44 describes the sex comparison in the title; this paper is listed in the publications associated with trial NCT01274338.