EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: With regard to our third research question and identification of existing sex-specific patterns, the sex-specific association between EGFRi and NSCLC has been previously characterized in several studies10,50–53 and has been attributed to a lower proportion of female smokers vs. male smokers and a higher proportion of female patients with EGFR somatic mutations vs. male patients54,55.