APOE and Alzheimer disease: Humanin was initially cloned from the occipital lobe of an AD patient during a cDNA screen for amyloid beta (Aβ) protection (Hashimoto, Ito, et al., 2001; Hashimoto, Niikura, et al., 2001) and has been reported to attenuate AD pathology through mechanisms similar to those associated with APOE: Aβ reduction, energetics, and cell survival (Guo et al., 2003; Ikonen et al., 2003; Lee et al., 2014; Muzumdar et al., 2009; Park et al., 2013; Tajima et al., 2005; Xu et al., 2006; Zhang et al., 2013).