Lowering blood lipid and anti-obesity: GA-A inhibits the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) and reduces cellular levels of cholesterol and fatty acids in vitro, potentially aiding in lowering blood lipid and combating obesity [52]; GA-A also improves weight gain and reduces fat accumulation in the liver or adipose tissue, and improves lipid levels and insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice [53]. Here, INS is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.