STK33 and breast carcinoma: Basal breast cancers with chr4p loss showed an elevation of genes with roles in DNA replication (p = 6.9 × 10−7) such as GINS4 encoding a member of the GINS complex, which plays an essential role in initiation of DNA replication and progression of DNA replication forks26 and cell cycle (p = 4.1 × 10−4), such as STK33 encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase, which activates the ERK signaling pathway.27